What is a horizontal universal testing machine?
The horizontal universal testing machine is a kind of equipment widely used in testing the mechanical properties of materials. It is mainly used to test the mechanical properties of metals, non-metals, composite materials, etc. under conditions of tension, compression, bending, shearing, etc. Compared with the vertical universal testing machine, the horizontal universal testing machine is particularly suitable for the testing needs of large-size and large-tonnage samples due to its unique structural design.
1. Working principle of horizontal universal testing machine
Horizontal universal testing machines apply force through a hydraulic or electric drive system, use sensors to measure force values, and record and analyze data through a control system. Its core components include loading frame, hydraulic system (or motor drive system), force sensor, displacement sensor and data acquisition system.
| Part name | Function description |
|---|---|
| Loading frame | Provide a stable support structure to ensure uniform stress on the specimen |
| Hydraulic system/motor drive system | Provide a power source to drive the beam to move and apply force |
| force sensor | Measure the force exerted on the specimen in real time |
| Displacement sensor | Measure specimen deformation or beam displacement |
| data acquisition system | Record and analyze test data and generate test reports |
2. Characteristics of horizontal universal testing machine
1.Structural advantages: The horizontal design reduces the height of the equipment and facilitates the installation and testing of large-size specimens.
2.Wide testing range: Can carry out various tests such as tension, compression, bending and shearing.
3.High precision: Use high-precision sensors and control systems to ensure the accuracy of test data.
4.High security: Equipped with safety devices such as overload protection and emergency shutdown.
| parameters | Typical value |
|---|---|
| Maximum test force | 100kN-5000kN |
| Test speed | 0.001-500mm/min |
| Accuracy level | Level 0.5 or Level 1 |
| Effective test space | 500-3000mm |
3. Application fields of horizontal universal testing machine
1.metal material: Test the mechanical properties of steel, aluminum alloy and other metal materials.
2.building materials: Strength testing of concrete, steel bars and other building materials.
3.Automobile industry: Performance evaluation of automobile parts and body materials.
4.Aerospace: Performance testing of aircraft structural materials and composite materials.
5.Scientific research and education: Materials mechanics research in universities and scientific research institutes.
| Industry | test items |
|---|---|
| metal processing | Tensile strength, yield strength, elongation |
| construction project | Concrete compressive strength, steel tensile properties |
| automobile manufacturing | Parts fatigue testing, material impact properties |
| Aerospace | Interlaminar shear strength of composite materials |
4. Selection Guide for Horizontal Universal Testing Machine
When choosing a horizontal universal testing machine, you need to consider the following factors:
1.Test force range: Select equipment with appropriate range according to test requirements.
2.test space: Make sure the equipment can accommodate the largest specimen size.
3.Accuracy requirements:Select equipment with corresponding accuracy levels according to test standards.
4.Extended functions: Consider whether you need high temperature, low temperature and other environmental simulation functions.
5.Brand and service: Choose a reputable brand and ensure after-sales service.
| brand | Features |
|---|---|
| Instron | Internationally renowned brand, high precision |
| MTS | Large tonnage equipment has obvious advantages |
| Zwick | German technology, high reliability |
| Well-known domestic brands | High cost performance and convenient after-sales service |
5. Maintenance of horizontal universal testing machine
To ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment, regular maintenance is required:
1.daily inspection: Check the hydraulic oil level and the tightening of each component.
2.Regular calibration: It is recommended to perform force calibration every 6 months.
3.Cleaning and maintenance: Keep the equipment clean, especially the guide rails and sensor areas.
4.Software updates: Update control system software in a timely manner.
5.Professional maintenance: A comprehensive inspection will be conducted by professional technicians every year.
As an important equipment in the field of material testing, the performance and quality of the horizontal universal testing machine are directly related to the accuracy of the test results. By understanding its working principles, characteristics and application areas, users can better select and use equipment that suits their needs, providing reliable data support for material research and development and quality control.
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